Descriptions:C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) also named stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), which is a chemokine of the intercrine alpha family. CXCL12 is a 7.8 kDa protein containing 70 amino acid residues. CXCL12 has a key role in controling the immune responses which is often induced by the lipopolysaccharide or IL-1. CXCL12 also activates the leukocytes during inflammation. CXCL12 induces the migration and proliferation of cells like hematopoietic progenitor, stem cells and leukocytes.
Tags:CXCL12
Descriptions:4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) is a type II transmembrane protein that is part of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. As an inducible co-stimulatory molecule, it presents on several antigen presenting cell (APC) types, including B cells, macrophages and DCs. The interactions between 4-1BB and 4-1BBL trigger pleiotropic effects on the immune response including antigen presenting process, proliferation of CD4 and CD8 positive T-cells, as well as cytokine secretion from T-cells through NFκB, c-Jun, and p38 downstream signal pathways activation.Therefore, 4-1BB and 4-1BBL are recently used for the immunotherapy of cancer.
Applications:His tag
Tags:4-1BBL
Descriptions:Interleukin 38 (IL-38) is a 16.87 kDa cytokine with 152 amino acid residues and a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family. IL-38 is primarily secreted from basal epithelia of the skin and B cells of the tonsil, spleen, and thymus. It plays essential roles in inflammation and host defense by mediating NF-κB, AP1, and JNK signaling pathways when IL-38 binds to the receptors like IL1RAPL1 and IL-36R. In addition, IL-38 participates in down-regulating cell proliferation, migration, and up-regulating IL-6 and IL-10.
Tags:IL-38
Descriptions:Betaine
Tags:Betaine
Descriptions:Mouse Insulin Like Growth Factors 2 (IGF-II) is a 7.34 kDa member of the Insulin-like Growth Factors with 67 amino acid residues. IGF-II is mainly expressed from early embryonic somatic tissues, liver, and epithelial cells lining the surface of the brain. IGF-II is mediating the embryonic development and placental growth, while also promoting tumor growth. IGF-II affects regulation of cell proliferation, growth, migration, differentiation and survival via binding to IGF-I receptor.
Tags:IGF-II
Descriptions:Interleukin-1 alpha (IL1 alpha or IL1α) is a member of the interleukin-1 cytokine family, found constitutively present in epithelial layers of the entire gastrointestinal tract, lung, liver, kidney, endothelial cells, and astrocytes. The synthesized IL-1 alpha is a 31 kDa inactive precursor and can be cleaved by intracellular caspase-1 or extracellular proteases to generate the bioactive 17 kDa form and the 16 kDa N-terminal cleavage product. Both precursor and mature IL-1 alpha protein bind to the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R), initiating a cascade of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines production such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF, in response to viral and bacterial pathogens conditions. IL-1 alpha plays a central role in immune-surveillance mechanisms, stimulating macrophages, neutrophils, and CD8+ T cells activity.
Applications:His tag
Tags:IL-1α
Descriptions:Neutral Protease (NP)
Descriptions:Interleukin 19 (IL-19) predicts a molecular mass of 35.8 kDa, is a type of anti-inflammatory cytokine. It promotes the Th2 T-cell response which supports an anti-inflammatory lymphocyte phenotype, dampens the Th1 T-cell response and IFNγ secretion, increases IL-10 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and inhibits the production of IgG from B cells.
Tags:IL-19
Descriptions:Interleukin 31 (IL-31) is an 18 kDa cytokine with 142 amino acid residues. IL-31 is mainly secreted from activated CD4+ T cells and binds to a receptor called IL-31RA. Upon binding to 31RA, IL-31 activates several signal pathways like MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and Jak/STAT pathways. It is critical in regulating many biological functions, such as cell proliferation, hematopoiesis, induction of cytokines, inflammation, and immune response.
Tags:IL-31
Descriptions:Tumor Necrosis Factor Beta (TNF beta) or lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α) is a 19 kDa tumor necrosis factor family protein with 171 amino acid residues. TNF beta is mainly expressed from lymphocytes, and mediates variety of inflammatory, immunostimulatory, and antiviral responses. TNF beta also involves development in secondary lymphoid organs. It is cytotoxic for different tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.
Tags:TNF beta