Descriptions:Tumor Necrosis Factor Beta (TNF beta) or lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α) is a 19 kDa tumor necrosis factor family protein with 171 amino acid residues. TNF beta is mainly expressed from lymphocytes, and mediates variety of inflammatory, immunostimulatory, and antiviral responses. TNF beta also involves development in secondary lymphoid organs. It is cytotoxic for different tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.
Tags:TNF beta
Descriptions:BAFF also known as BLYS, TALL-1 and TNFSF13B, which belongs to tumor necrosis factor family. BAFF is a 31.2 kDa type II transmembrane protein containing 285 residues that predominantly produced by myeloid cells, furthermore mouse BAFF shares 72% sequence identity with human BAFF. BAFF has been demonstrated to activate the survival of B cells and the B cell response by binding to BAFFR/BR3. Additionally, BAFF also takes part in regulating B and T cell function via forming two ligands-two receptors pathway through sharing TNFRSF13B/TACI and TNFRSF17/BCMA receptors with APRIL.
Tags:BAFF
Descriptions:Galectin-8 (Gal-8) is a lectin family member and is one of the tandem repeat-type galectins containing two carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD) connected by a linker region in a single peptide chain. The CRD is responsible for β-galactoside binding, and the binding partners for galectin-8 have been identified, including CD44 and a subset of integrins. Galectin-8 and integrins form complexes, subsequently leading to phosphorylation of paxillin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which activates signal pathways including MAPK-ERK and PI3K-AKT pathways. Galectin-8 is constitutively presented in the Liver, kidney, cardiac muscle, lung, and brain. Galectin-8 serves as an immunosuppressive protective role against autoimmune CNS inflammation, regulating the balance of Th17 and Th1 polarization.
Tags:Galectin-8
Descriptions:Interleukin-1 alpha (IL1 alpha or IL1α) is a member of the interleukin-1 cytokine family, found constitutively present in epithelial layers of the entire gastrointestinal tract, lung, liver, kidney, endothelial cells, and astrocytes. The synthesized IL-1 alpha is a 31 kDa inactive precursor and can be cleaved by intracellular caspase-1 or extracellular proteases to generate the bioactive 17 kDa form and the 16 kDa N-terminal cleavage product. Both precursor and mature IL-1 alpha protein bind to the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R), initiating a cascade of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines production such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF, in response to viral and bacterial pathogens conditions. IL-1 alpha plays a central role in immune-surveillance mechanisms, stimulating macrophages, neutrophils, and CD8+ T cells activity.
Applications:His tag
Tags:IL-1α
Descriptions:Fibroblast Growth Factors-20 (FGF-20) is a 23.5 kDa member of the fibroblast Growth Factors with 211 amino acid residues. FGF-20 is mainly expressed from microglial cells. FGF-20 can regulate central nervous development and function, regulate the survival of dopaminergic neurons via FGF/FGFR-dependent signaling pathway.
Tags:FGF-20
Descriptions:4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) is a type II transmembrane protein that is part of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. As an inducible co-stimulatory molecule, it presents on several antigen presenting cell (APC) types, including B cells, macrophages and DCs. The interactions between 4-1BB and 4-1BBL trigger pleiotropic effects on the immune response including antigen presenting process, proliferation of CD4 and CD8 positive T-cells, as well as cytokine secretion from T-cells through NFκB, c-Jun, and p38 downstream signal pathways activation.Therefore, 4-1BB and 4-1BBL are recently used for the immunotherapy of cancer.
Applications:His tag
Tags:4-1BBL
Descriptions:FGF16 is preferentially expressed in the heart after birth, suggesting its regulation is associated with tissue-specific chromatin remodeling and DNA-protein interactions. Mutation of the MEF2 site resulted in a blunting of FGF16 promoter activity in transfected neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, that chromatin remodeling and MEF2 binding in the FGF16 promoter contribute to expression in the postnatal heart.
Tags:FGF16
Descriptions:Mouse Insulin Like Growth Factors 2 (IGF-II) is a 7.34 kDa member of the Insulin-like Growth Factors with 67 amino acid residues. IGF-II is mainly expressed from early embryonic somatic tissues, liver, and epithelial cells lining the surface of the brain. IGF-II is mediating the embryonic development and placental growth, while also promoting tumor growth. IGF-II affects regulation of cell proliferation, growth, migration, differentiation and survival via binding to IGF-I receptor.
Tags:IGF-II
Descriptions:Neutral Protease (NP)
Descriptions:Interleukin 25 (IL-25) is a cytokine with proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects, it predicts a molecular mass of 16.7 kDa. It can induce NF-κB activation, and stimulate the production of IL-8, which is the major chemotactic substance of neutrophils.
Tags:IL-25